英语词汇“stripped of”的翻译、意思、用法、释义-英汉双解词典-雅致网

单词	stripped of
释义	请查阅词条：stripped-down
随便看	raise the devil raise the devil raise the morale of raise the roof raise the roof raise the standard raise the temperature of raise to raise to the nobility/peerage raise trivial objections raise trivial objections to raise up raise up/aloft raise-velvet raisin raisin bran raising raising raising raising agent raising bee raising cloth raising gig raising hammer raising-piece 代沟代理代理人代用代用品代用币代码代称代笔代管 Pflanzenöl Pflanzer pflanzlich Pflanzung Pflaster Pflaster Pflasterbrett Pflastern pflastern Pflasterstein